Monday, October 10, 2016

Summary Of The Approach To A Seriously Ill Child



Follow the basic ABCD in Primary assessment:

1. A : Airway:

  • Look for chest movement
  • Listen for additional sounds (wheeze, stridor, etc)
  • Feel for breath
2. B; Breathing: 
  • Effort (e.g rate and use of accessory muscles)
  • Efficiency (e.g oxygen saturation)
  • Effect ( e.g heart rate, skin color, conscious level).
( in severe respiratory distress effort of breathing may be reduced due to exhaustion This is a serious sign and needs immediate intervention)

3, C; Circulation: 
  • Heart rate
  • Pulse volume 
  • Capillary refill time
  • Blood pressure
4. D: Disability:
  • Level of consciousness ( Assess by AVPU Or Glasgow coma scale) 
  • Posture
  • Pupils
  • Blood glucose
Where immediately life threatening problems are identified then resuscitation should be performed during the primary survey before proceeding to secondary assessment.

Secondary Assessment:

This comprises taking a focused history and instituting emergency treatment While developing a differential diagnosis. It requires a full physical examination from head to toe. It there is any clinical deterioration during this procedure , then the primary assessment should be repeated. 


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