Friday, July 21, 2017

Thyrotoxicosis...



A 23-year-old woman presents with sweating and tremor. Her thyroid function tests are as follows:
  • TSH <0.05 mU/l 
  • Free T4 25 pmol/l 

What is the most common cause of this presentation?
A. Hashimoto's thyroiditis
B. Graves' disease
C. Toxic nodular goitre
D. De Quervain's thyroiditis
E. Toxic adenoma

Answer:
B. Graves' disease

Discussion:
Thyrotoxicosis
Graves' disease accounts for around 50-60% of cases of thyrotoxicosis.

Causes 
 Graves' disease
 toxic nodular goitre
 subacute (de Quervain's) thyroiditis
 post-partum thyroiditis
 acute phase of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (later results in hypothyroidism)
 toxic adenoma (Plummer's disease)
 amiodarone therapy

Investigation
 TSH dcreased, T4 and T3 increased
 thyroid autoantibodies
 other investigations are not routinely done but includes isotope scanning

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