A 68-yr-old man with bronchiectasis is found to have Acid fast bacilli in his sputum. The microbiology report suggests this may be an opportunistic or atypical mycobacterium.
Which of the following is the least likely infectious agent?
A) Mycobacterium kansasii
B) Mycobacterium malmoense
C) Mycobacterium xenopi
D) Mycobacterium leprae
E) Mycobacterium avium intracellulare
Answer:
D) Mycobacterium leprae
Discussion: Mycobacterium leprae is the causative organism of leprosy, whereas the rest are all
‘opportunistic’ mycobacteria, i.e. they may colonise structurally abnormal lung such as seen in patients with cavitary disease, bronchiectasis or COPD. Such patients may not always require treatment. However, if treatment is required, then it is usually for longer than the standard 6 months needed to treat pulmonary TB.
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