Regarding World Health Organization Roll Back Malaria plan

You are working with the public health minister of Malawi in a project to decrease malarial deaths in children younger than 5 years of age.

All of the following strategies are part of the World Health Organization Roll Back Malaria plan EXCEPT:
A. Artemisinin-based combination therapy
B. Early treatment with chloroquine alone
C. Indoor residual spraying
D. Insecticide-treated bed nets
E. Intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy

Answer:
B. Early treatment with chloroquine alone

Discussion: Global health experts have developed priorities for improving global health in conjunction with the World Health Organization (WHO). Many of these efforts are focused on the prevention, early recognition, and treatment of infectious diseases in developing countries and the developing world. Among infectious causes of disease, malaria ranks as the third most deadly. In 2001, the WHO Roll Back Malaria campaign was endorsed by heads of state in Africa in an effort to develop a coordinated plan for malaria prevention and treatment. A major goal of the Roll Back Malaria campaign was to prevent gains in disease prevention in one country from being lost because of lack of a coordinated effort in neighboring countries. This effort involves a multifaceted approach that includes vector control, prevention of transmission, and early recognition and treatment. Insecticide-treated bed nets are a simple and cost-effective method of reducing malaria transmission with a 50% decreased incidence of malaria in individuals who sleep under these bed nets. Indoor residual spraying is also an important factor in decreasing malaria transmission as outdoor vector control alone is ineffective in controlling transmission. It has been found that 80% of structures in a community must be treated to decrease disease transmission. Another important part of decreasing disease transmission is to give at least two doses of effective antimalarial drugs during pregnancy to decrease placental transmission of disease. If disease is unable to be prevented, it is important to recognize and treat the disease early. Chloroquine resistance has emerged in many areas around the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, India, Southeast Asia, and parts of South America. Given the widespread chloroquine resistance, the WHO now recommends only artemisinin-based combination therapy for falciparum malaria infection.